Essential Interview Questions On Cardiology
Q – 1 What are the reversible causes of pulseless electrical activity?
Ans- 6 H’s and 6 T’s…
hypovolemia
hypothermia
hypoxia
hypo/hyperkalemia
hypoglycemia
hydrogens (acidosis)
trauma
tablets/toxins
thrombosis (MI)
thrombosis (PE)
tension PTX
tamponade
Q – 2 Normal JVD is 6-8 cm, what 5 conditions are associated with increased JVD?
Ans- Congestive cardiac failure due to
Ischemic heart disease
Cor pulmonale
Valvular heart disease like mitral stenosis
Congenital heart disease like VSD
Pericarditis and pericardial effusion
Q – 3 How often will the EKG be abnormal in patients having an MI?
Ans- 85% of PATIENTS having MI show evidence on EKG.
Q – 4 What are the electocardiogram findings of a Mobitz type II second degree AV block?
Ans- Non Progressive Prolonged PR interval with absent QRS
complex depends on after no of regular P wave.
Q – 5 What is the effect of inspiration on the return of venous blood to the heart?
Ans- due to negative intrathoracic pressure and antigravity direction valvesprevent backward flow of blood
Q – 6 How often does rupture of the pulmonary artery occur with right heart catheterization?
Ans- 0.2% of the time.
5 times
Q – 7 What are the most common causes of cardiovascular related syncope?
Ans- Arrhythmias and neurocardiogenic syncope.
Q – 8 What was the surgical method for the first open heart surgery?
Ans- byepass surgery
Q – 9 Who really performed the first open heart surgery, Daniel Hale Williams, or Ludwig Rehn?
Ans- daniel hale williams
Q – 10 What is peripheral resistance?
Ans- It is the resistance ofeered to the flowing of blood by the vesselspresent in the Periphery ie the arteriole whose diameter varies between 100 to 4oo micromillimeter & also by the smooth muscle of the precapillary sphincter.
Q – 11 Describe the classical signs of mitral stenosis?
Ans- diastolic rumple
Q – 12 What is the best most specific and sensitive indicator for a Re-Myocardial Infartion(Post MI)?
Ans- CPK-MB’s Coz they return normal after 4-5 days but the Troponins are raised for 4 weeks after 1st MI.
Q – 13 What is the kussmal sign?
Ans- Kussmaul’s sign is the observation of a jugular venous pressure (JVP, the filling of the jugular vein) that rises with inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of heart disease.
Ordinarily the JVP falls with inspiration due to reduced pressure in the expanding thoracic cavity. Kussmaul’s sign suggests impaired filling of the right ventricle due to either fluid in the pericardial space or a poorly compliant myocardium or pericardium.
Q – 14 How long does it take for total CPK levels in the blood to return to normal after a myocardial infarction?
Ans- for return to normal range is between 36 to 72 hours
Q – 15 What are the positional changes in pain noted by patients with pericarditis?
Ans- Pain due to pericarditis is usually aggravated by thoracic motion, cough, or deep breathing; it may be relieved by sitting up and leaning forward