A directive is something that introduces new syntax, they are like markers on DOM element which attaches a special behavior to it. In any AngularJS application, directives are the most important components.

Some of the commonly used directives are ng-model, ng-App, ng-bind, ng-repeat , ng-show etc.

8) Mention what are the advantages of using AngularJS ?

AngularJS has several advantages in web development.

AngularJS supports MVC pattern
Can do two ways data binding using AngularJS
It has per-defined form validations
It supports both client server communication
It supports animations

9) Explain what Angular JS routes does ?

Angular js routes enable you to create different URLs for different content in your application. Different URLs for different content enables user to bookmark URLs to specific content. Each such bookmarkable URL in AngularJS is called a route

A value in Angular JS is a simple object. It can be a number, string or JavaScript object. Values are typically used as configuration injected into factories, services or controllers. A value should be belong to an AngularJS module.

Injecting a value into an AngularJS controller function is done by adding a parameter with the same name as the value

10) Explain what is data binding in AngularJS ?

Automatic synchronization of data between the model and view components is referred as data binding in AngularJS.

There are two ways for data binding

Data mining in classical template systems
Data binding in angular templates

11) What makes AngularJS better ?

Registering Callbacks: There is no need to register callbacks . This makes your code simple and easy to debug.

Control HTML DOM programmatically: All the application that are created using Angular never have to manipulate the DOM although it can be done if it is required

Transfer data to and from the UI: AngularJS helps to eliminate almost all of the boiler plate like validating the form, displaying validation errors, returning to an internal model and so on which occurs due to flow of marshalling data

No initilization code: With AngularJS you can bootstrap your app easily using services, which auto-injected into your application in Guice like dependency injection style

12) Explain what is string interpolation in Angular.js ?

In Angular.js the compiler during the compilation process matches text and attributes using interpolate service to see if they contains embedded expressions. As part of normal digest cycle these expressions are updated and registered as watches.

13) Mention the steps for the compilation process of HTML happens?

Compilation of HTML process occurs in following ways

Using the standard browser API, first the HTML is parsed into DOM
By using the call to the $compile () method, compilation of the DOM is performed. The method traverses the DOM and matches the directives.
Link the template with scope by calling the linking function returned from the previous step

14) Explain what is directive and Mention what are the different types of Directive?

During compilation process when specific HTML constructs are encountered a behaviour or function is triggered, this function is referred as directive. It is executed when the compiler encounters it in the DOM.

Different types of directives are

Element directives
Attribute directives
CSS class directives
Comment directives

15) Explain what is linking function and type of linking function?

Link combines the directives with a scope and produce a live view. For registering DOM listeners as well as updating the DOM, link function is responsible. After the template is cloned it is executed.

Pre-linking function: Pre-linking function is executed before the child elements are linked. It is not considered as the safe way for DOM transformation.

Post linking function: Post linking function is executed after the child elements are linked. It is safe to do DOM transformation by post-linking function

16) Explain what is injector?

An injector is a service locator. It is used to retrieve object instances as defined by provider, instantiate types, invoke methods and load modules. There is a single injector per Angular application, it helps to look up an object instance by its name.

17) Explain what is the difference between link and compile in Angular.js?

Compile function: It is used for template DOM Manipulation and collect all of the directives.

Link function: It is used for registering DOM listeners as well as instance DOM manipulation. It is executed once the template has been cloned.

18) Explain what is factory method in AngularJS?

For creating the directive, factory method is used. It is invoked only once, when compiler matches the directive for the first time. By using $injector.invoke the factory method is invoked.

19) Mention what are the styling form that ngModel adds to CSS classes ?

ngModel adds these CSS classes to allow styling of form as well as control

ng- valid
ng- invalid
ng-pristine
ng-dirty

20) Mention what are the characteristics of “Scope”?

To observer model mutations scopes provide APIs ($watch)
To propagate any model changes through the system into the view from outside of the Angular realm
A scope inherits properties from its parent scope, while providing access to shared model properties, scopes can be nested to isolate application components
Scope provides context against which expressions are evaluated

21) Explain what is DI (Dependency Injection ) and how an object or function can get a hold of its dependencies ?

DI or Dependency Injection is a software design pattern that deals with how code gets hold of its dependencies. In order to retrieve elements of the application which is required to be configured when module gets loaded , the operation “config” uses dependency injection.

These are the ways that object uses to hold of its dependencies

Typically using the new operator, dependency can be created
By referring to a global variable, dependency can be looked up
Dependency can be passed into where it is required

22) Mention what are the advantages of using Angular.js framework ?

Advantages of using Angular.js as framework are

Supports two way data-binding
Supports MVC pattern
Support static template and angular template
Can add custom directive
Supports REST full services
Supports form validations
Support both client and server communication
Support dependency injection
Applying Animations
Event Handlers

23) Explain the concept of scope hierarchy? How many scope can an application have?

Each angular application consist of one root scope but may have several child scopes. As child controllers and some directives create new child scopes, application can have multiple scopes. When new scopes are formed or created they are added as a children of their parent scope. Similar to DOM, they also creates a hierarchical structure.

24) Explain what is the difference between AngularJS and backbone.js?

AngularJS combines the functionalities of most of the 3rd party libraries, it supports individual functionalities required to develop HTML5 Apps. While Backbone.js do their jobs individually.

25) Who created Angular JS ?

Intially it was developed by Misko Hevery and Adam Abrons. Currently it is being developed by Google.