100 Rapid Questions By HR On Bio Chemistry  Part – 3

Q – 116 What is PH? What are the units of PH?

Ans- PH is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen Ion Concentration express4ed in moles/liter of aqueous solution.

Q – 117 Define Ionic product of water. What is its value?

Ans- The product concentrations H+ and OH- in pure water are in aqueous solutions at a given temperature is known as Ionic Product of water. Its value is 1.0 * 10-14 moles2 / litre2.

Q – 118 Define Raoult’s law

Ans- The relative lowering of vapor pressure of a dilute solution of a non volatile solute is equal to the mole fraction of the solute
-P / = n / n+N
n = number of moles of solute
N= number of moles of solvent

Q – 119 What is the oxidation number of transitional metals in carbonyl Compounds is?

Ans- Zero

Q – 120 Transitional metal Ions can form complex compounds by.

Ans- By accepting the lone pair of electrons from ligand

Q – 121 The bond formed between the transition metal ion and ligand is?

Ans- Co-ordination covalent bond

Q – 122 In which oxidation state chromium exhibit different color?

Ans- Chromium is Blue in +2 states, Green in +3 states and Yellow in +6 state.

Q – 123 Why the transition metal ions or compounds exhibit color?

Ans- Due to incomplete partially filled d- orbitals

Q – 124 Magnetic property exhibited by which of the following element? Fe, Co, Ni

Ans- Ferro magnetic

Q – 125 Why FE3+ ion is more stable than Fe2+ ion is?

Ans- Because of stable, half filled 3 d5 electronic configurations in fe3+

Q – 126 What is the element in third series the element with maximum oxidation state?

Ans- Mn – manganese -+7-oxidation state

Q – 127 In transition series the element with maximum Ionization energy is.

Ans- Zinc – due to stable electronic configuration

Q – 128 In 3d-series, which two elements exhibit an anomalous configuration?

Ans- Chromium Cr(Z=24) = [Ar] 4s1 3 d5
Copper(Cu)(Z=29)= [Ar] 4s1 3 d10

Q – 129 How many elements are there in 3d-series of first transition series?

Ans- Ten elements from Sc (Z=21) to Zn (z=30) or {Sc -scandium to Zn (zinc)}

Q – 130 What is the formula of Hypo in Oxidation state of sulphur?

Ans- The formula of Sodium Thio Sulphate is Na2S2O3. H2O is called as hypo Oxidation state of Sulphur in it is +6 0r -2

Q – 131 Oil of Vitriol and king of chemicals is called.

Ans- H2SO4 Sulphuric acid

Q – 132 H2S2O7 is. Oxidation state of sulphur in it is.

Ans- H2S2O7 is Di (or) pyro Sulphuric acid and oxidation state of Sulphur is +6

Q – 133 Thio sulphuric acid is. What are the nature of acid and how many OH? Groups are present in it.

Ans- Thio Sulphuric acid is H2S2O3

Q – 134 Which oxo acids of sulphur contain S-S bonds?

Ans- Thio acids

Q – 135 Which is the most stable sulphur at room temperature?

Ans- Rhombic Sulphur

Q – 136 Which is element exhibit allotrope in the 6thA group?

Ans- Sulphur

Q – 137 Sulphur molecule exists as.

Ans- S8 molecule (octa atomic)

Q – 138 What is the other name of sulphur?

Ans- Brimstone

Q – 139 Sixth group elements are called as.

Ans- Chalcogens (ore forming elements)

Q – 140 What is the Super phosphate of lime?

Ans- Ca (H2Po4)2 caSO4. 2H2O. Super phosphate of lime is also called as Calcium super Phosphate

Q – 141 Ortho Phosphoric acid is. Give oxidation no of phosphorous in it.

Ans- H3PO4-ortho phosphoric acid
Oxidation state of phosphorous is +5

Q – 142 Why nitrogen cannot form penta halides?

Ans- Because of the absence of d-orbital in its valency shells

Q – 143 What is the Anhydride of N2O5?

Ans- Nitric acid

Q – 144 More volatile and least volatile hydrides in 5thA group are.

Ans- PH3-more volatile
NH3-less volatile

Q – 145 Allotrope form of phosphorous that conducts electricity is.

Ans- Black Phosphorous

Q – 146 What is the molecular formula, Structure, and bond angle of Phosphorous?

Ans- P4- Phosphorous molecule (Tetra atomic)

Structure- Tetrahedral

Bond angle – (60 degrees

Q – 147 Negative oxidation states of nitrogen are because.

Ans- Higher Electro negativity

Q – 148 What is Allotropy?

Ans- Allotropy is Nitric acid

Q – 149 Name two elements, which are Non-metallic in nature in 5th A group?

Ans- Nitrogen and Phosphorous

Q – 150 What are the important sources of Phosphorus?

Ans- Sources of Phosphorous are Phosphate rocks

► Flourapatite {2Ca3 (PO4)2 CaF2}
► Phosphorite {Ca3 (PO4)2}

Q – 151 How many sigma and pi bonds are present in nitrogen formula?

Ans- Each nitrogen molecule contain one sigma and 2 Pi bonds

Q – 152 How much amount of energy is required to break the Triple bond in nitrogen molecule?

Ans- 225 Kcal/mole or 945.4 KJ/mole

Q – 153 Which is the most reactive element in Nitrogen family?

Ans- Phosphorous

Q – 154 Name the family of fifth ‘A’ group elements.

Ans- Nitrogen Family

Q – 155 How do you call fifth, ‘A’ group elements collectively?

Ans- Pnicogens

Q – 156 Garnet is the ore of which element. Give its chemical formula.

Ans- Garnet is Silicate ore of Aluminium
(MgFe) 3 AlSi3O2.

Q – 157 Give the formula of Borax. Borax is chemically called as.

Ans- Borax Na2B4O7 10H2O is chemically called as hydrated sodium tetra borate

Q – 158 What is Banana bond? Diborane contains how many banana bonds

Ans- In Diborane B-H-B, bridge, which is formed by the sharing of two electrons, is called banana bond or Tau bond Diborane contains two banana bonds.

Q – 159 How do we prepare Diborane?

Ans- The Diborane (B2H6) is prepared by the reduction of BCl3 with aluminium hydride
B2H6+3AlCl3+3LiClà4 BCl3+3LiAlH4

Q – 160 Which Univalent element cannot form Alums and why?

Ans- Lithium (Li+) does not produce alums because of its very small size.

Q – 161 What are hydrides of boron called?

Ans- Boranes

Q – 162 What is Thermite mixture?

Ans- A mixture of Fe2O3 and ammonium powder in 3:1 ratio is called Thermite mixture.

Q – 163 What does Ammonal contain? For what purpose it is used.

Ans- It is a mixture of ammonium nitrate and aluminium powder is called ammonal, which is used as an explosive in Bombs.

Q – 164 Which process is used in welding the gaps in railway tracks?

Ans- Gold Schmidt’s alumino thermi process

Q – 165 What is the process, by which Aluminium is refined?

Ans- By Hoope’s process

Q – 166 Name the elements for which Cryolite and Pelspar are the ores.

Ans- Na3 Al F6àCryolite

K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2 (or) K Al Si3 O8àFelspar

Both are ores of Aluminium

Q – 167 Among third A group elements which element is best conductor?

Ans- Aluminium (Al)

Q – 168 In 3rd, name ‘A’ group elements which is the Non metal

Ans- Boron

Q – 169 Name the family of third ‘A’ group elements

Ans- Boron family

Q – 170 What is inert pair effect?

Ans- The reluctances of ns electrons in the participation of bond formation is called inert pair effect

Q – 171 Which are the most abundant metal and third abundant element in the earth crust?

Ans- Aluminium (Al) (7.28%)

Q – 172 Which elements are present in Electron?

Ans- Electron consist of 95 % mg, 5% Zn

Q – 173 What is the ratio of slaked lime and sand in mortar?

Ans- Ratio is 1:3

Q – 174 Bleaching powder is obtained when cl2 is passes through.

Ans- Dry Slake lime
CaOCl2+H2OàCa (OH) 2+Cl2

Q – 175 What is the name for magnesium per chlorate and what is its formula?

Ans- Magnesium per chlorate is called Anhydrone {mg (ClO4)2}

Q – 176 Dolomite is the ore of which element

Ans- Dolomite is an ore an element magnesium (mg)
Formula (MgCO3 CaCO3)

Q – 177 Give the formula for baking soda.

Ans- The formula for baking soda is NaHCO3.

Q – 178 Why the 2A group elements are called Alkaline earth elements?

Ans- The elements occur in earth and the oxides of these metals are basic in nature hence the name alkaline earth metals.

Q – 179 What is the Chemical formula for Epsom salt?

Ans- MgSO4. 7H20

Q – 180 Which is the least abundant Alkaline earth element?

Ans- Radium

Q – 181 Which is the most Abundant Alkaline earth element?

Ans- Calcium

Q – 182 What are the compounds used for extraction of Gold and Silver?

Ans- NaCN and KCN

Q – 183 Give the formula for Peral Ash.

Ans- The formula for Peral Ash is K2CO3.

Q – 184 Give the chemical formula for Borax.

Ans- (Na2) B4 (O7) .10(H2) O

Q – 185 What are the raw materials used for the precipitation of Na2Co3 by Solvay ammonium Process?

Ans- Sodium Chloride, limestone and ammonia

Q – 186 In downs process sodium metal is extracted by the electrolysis of? In nelsons cell NaoH is prepared by electrolysis of.

Ans- Electrolysis of Brime solution

Q – 187 In the extraction of sodium by cartners process the by-products formed are.

Ans- Hydrogen and Oxygen

Q – 188 Which element in 1A group is lighter than water?

Ans- Lithium, Sodium, and potassium

Q – 189 Alkaline metals when dissolved in ammonium (NH3) act as better conductor and better reducing agent what is the reason behind it?

Ans- Due to formation of solvated or Ammoniated electrons

Q – 190 Which property among the following generally decreases from top to bottom in a group 1A? 1. Electropositive, Density, Basic nature, classical reactivity

Ans- Electro affinity, electro negativity, Ionisational potential, melting and boiling points decreases from top to bottom in a group 1A from lithium to caesium

Q – 191 Which property among the following generally increases from top to bottom in a group 1A? 1. Electropositive, Density, Basic nature, classical reactivity

Ans- Electropositive, Density, Basic nature, classical reactivity, and solubility generally increase from top to bottom from lithium to caesium.

Q – 192 Which element in 1A group does not form peroxides?

Ans- Lithium

Q – 193 Which metal is more metallic in nature among 1A group elements?

Ans- Francium

Q – 194 Among 1A group metals the lightest metal is_________.

Ans- Lithium

Q – 195 Among 1A group elements why the element lithium is the most powerful, reducing agent in equivalent state

Ans- Due to its low sublimation and hydration energy

Q – 196 Which group of elements is called alkaline earth metals?

Ans- 1st A group because the oxides and hydrides are alkaline in nature

Q – 197 Define the phenomenon resonance?

Ans- When a molecule is represented by two or more nearly equal structures, which differ in the arrangement of electrons, then the molecule is said to exhibit resonance.

Q – 198 Define bond energy?

Ans- The amount of energy released when one mole of bonds are formed between the corresponding gaseous atoms is called Bond energy.

Q – 199 IN XeF4, the bond angle between F-Xe-F is _________.

Ans- 90 degrees

Q – 200 Define bond angle.

Ans- The angle between the lines joining the nuclei of the bonded atom with a central atom is called bond angle.

Q – 201 What is the order of C-H bond length in C2H6 and C2H4 and C2H2?

Ans- c2h6>c2h4 >c2h2

Q – 202 What are the units of bond length?

Ans- The intermolecular distance between the bonded atoms in a molecule is called bond length and the units are Angstrom units (A0)

Q – 203 Give the reason why the water molecule has high Boiling point and melting points.

Ans- Due to the presence of Hydrogen bond in water molecule

Q – 204 What is the shape of molecules SF6 and IF7?

Ans- SF6 is Octahedral
IF7 is pentagonal Bipyramidal

Q – 205 According to which rule the distribution of electrons into hybrid orbital takes place.

Ans- The distribution of electrons into Hybrid orbitals is as per the Paulis Exclusion principle and the Hunds rule of Maximum Multiplicity.

Q – 206 Define Hybridization.

Ans- The distribution of electrons into Hybrid orbitals is as per the Paulis Exclusion principle and the Hunds rule of Maximum Multiplicity.

Q – 207 In NH3 molecule, the bond angle decreases from 109.28 to 107.3 why does it happen.

Ans- The more repulsion between lone pair and bond pair

Q – 208 In water molecule the bond angle decreases from 109.28 to 104.5, why this does happens?

Ans- The repulsion between lone pair and lone pair electrons

Q – 209 Who proposed VSEPR theory? What does it explain?

Ans- VSEPR theory was proposed by Sedgwick and Powell. It explains the shapes of polyatomic molecules.

Q – 210 Give the mathematical expression to calculate or measure the percentage of ionic Character.

Ans- % of Ionic Character = (Observed dipole moment / Dipole moment of 100% ionic bond)*100

Q – 211 If a polar molecule has a charge of 4.8 * 10^ (-10) and internuclear distance is 1A then what is its dipole moment?

Ans- 4.8 * 10-10 e.s.u * 1A0
4.8 * 10-10 * 10-8
4.8 * 10-18 e.s.u – Cm
= 4.8 Debye

Q – 212 What does one Debye equals?

Ans- 10-18 e.s.u – Cm

Q – 213 Define co-ordination covalent bond.

Ans- Co-ordination covalent bond is formed by the mutual sharing of pair of electrons between two atoms contributed by only one of the combining atoms.

Q – 214 Which theory explains the paramagnetic nature of oxygen? Who proposed it?

Ans- Molecular orbital theory, proposed by Hunds and Mulliken

Q – 215 Covalent bond is directional therefore which covalent property is shown?

Ans- Space Isomerism

Q – 216 What is dipole?

Ans- In polar covalent molecule, one atom gets positive charge and the other one gets negative charge hence called dipole.

Q – 217 Define polar covalent bond

Ans- The covalent bond formed by the unequal sharing of electrons between the two atoms is called polar covalent bond.

Q – 218 Among sigma and Pi bonds which is the stronger one

Ans- Sigma bond is Stronger than pi bond

Q – 219 In double bond, how many sigma and Pi bonds are present in it?

Ans- Double bond = 1 Sigma bond and one Pi bond

Q – 220 Ionic compound does not show the property of space isomerism, Give the reason?

Ans- Ionic bond is Electrostatic. It is non directional, so Ionic compounds does not show the property of Space Isomerism

Q – 221 What is the structure of cscl and give the co-ordination number of Cscl?

Ans- The structure of cscl is Body Centered Cubic and the Co- ordination number of CsCl is 8

Q – 222 What is structure of Nacl and give the co-ordination number of Nacl?

Ans- The structure of Nacl is face centered Cubic and Co- ordination number of Nacl is 6

Q – 223 What is Co-ordination number?

Ans- The number of appositively charged ions surrounded a particular ion in an ionic crystal lattice is called co- ordination number

Q – 224 Define limiting radius.

Ans- The ratio between the radius of cation and the radius of anion is called Limiting radius.

Q – 225 What is the relation between reaction taking place in one of the several stages and the total amount of energy liberated in the reaction?

Ans- The relation between reaction taking place in one of the several stages and the total amount of energy liberated in the reaction is same.

Q – 226 How can energy change in the formation of NACL be determined?

Ans- With the help of Born Haber’s cycle

Q – 227 What can you calculate by selecting Born-Haber cycle?

Ans- Born-Haber cycle is useful for calculation of lattice energy, heat of reaction and electron affinity.

Q – 228 What is Sublimation energy?

Ans- The amount of energy required to convert one mole of solid substance to vapor state is called Sublimation energy

Q – 229 What happens if Lattice energy increases?

Ans- ► The Strength of ionic bond
► Stability of the Ionic compound
► Ease of formation of the Ionic bond Increases

Q – 230 Define lattice energy.

Ans- The energy released when one mole of ionic crystal is formed by the combination of the corresponding gaseous (+ve) and (-ve) ions brought from infinite distance is called lattice energy.

Q – 231 What are the favorable conditions for formation of Anions?

Ans- ► High Electron affinity
► Small size

Less charge of an atoms form anion more easily

Q – 232 Give the example for electrophilic substitution reaction.

Ans- The species, which accepts the electrons, are called Electrophilles (or) Electrophilic reagents.

When the atom (or) group of atoms present in the organic compound is replaced by another atom (or) group of atoms (electrophilic) is called electrophilic substitution reaction.

Q – 233 What is addition reaction?

Ans- When atoms (or) group of atoms are added, to form more saturated compound it is called addition reaction.

Q – 234 How do you define free radical addition reaction? Give an example.

Ans- When unsaturated compounds undergo addition reactions with free radicals, it is called free radical addition reaction.

Ex; CH3-CH = CH2+HBr———–> CH3-CH2-CH2Br

Q – 235 What is nucleophilic addition reaction?

Ans- When the attacking species during the addition reaction is Nucleophilic, it is nucleophilic addition reaction. Ex; Acetaldehyde cynohydrin

Q – 236 What is electrophilic addition reaction?

Ans- When the attacking species during the addition reaction is Electrophile, it is called electrophilic addition reaction. Ex; (+) (-) (+) (-) (+) (-)
CH2Br-CH2BràH2C-CH2+BrBr-àH2C=CH2+Br2-

Q – 237 What are the favorable conditions for formation of cat ions?

Ans- ► Low Ionisational potential
► Lesser Charge
► More atomic size of atoms forms cations easily
► Ions having Inert gases configuration formed easily